What is AD/ADRD?
Understanding AD/ADRD is an important first step in making a difference, whether you're living with these conditions, caring for someone who is, or interested in supporting research. Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (AD/ADRD) affect memory, thinking, and behavior. While Alzheimer's is the most common form of dementia in older adults, there are several other types:
- Alzheimer's Disease: Gradually affects memory and thinking skills, eventually impacting daily activities. Changes in the brain, including protein buildup called amyloid plaques and tau tangles, can begin years before symptoms appear.
- Lewy Body Dementia: Affects movement and thinking, often causing visual hallucinations and sleep problems.
- Frontotemporal Dementia: Primarily impacts behavior, personality, and language skills, typically starting at a younger age than other types.
- Vascular Dementia: Results from conditions that block or reduce blood flow to the brain, affecting thinking skills.
Living with AD/ADRD
More than 6 million Americans live with Alzheimer's disease. While most develop symptoms after age 65, younger-onset cases can occur much earlier. Understanding AD/ADRD can help individuals and families prepare and get the care they need.
Key Facts
Memory problems are typically among the first signs, though symptoms can vary significantly from person to person. Scientists have identified several risk factors, including:
- Age
- Family history
- Genetic factors
- Lifestyle factos such as cardiovascular health
Warning Signs to Watch For
Early symptoms of AD/ADRD may include:
- Memory loss that disrupts daily life
- Challenges in planning or solving problems
- Difficulty completing familiar tasks
- Confusion with time or place
- Problems with words in speaking or writing
- Changes in mood or personality
Why Early Recognition Matters
- Getting appropriate medical care
- Planning for the future
- Accessing support services
- Considering research participation
Research continues to advance our understanding and treatment options, with new therapies emerging that target the underlying causes of the disease.
Taking Action
While we can't prevent all forms of dementia, research suggests several ways to promote brain health:
- Control high blood pressure
- Stay physically active
- Maintain social connections
- Keep your mind engaged
- Get adequate sleep
- Eat a healthy diet
How You Can Help Advance Research
Everyone can play a role in advancing our understanding of AD/ADRD:
Participate in Research:
Both people with and without memory problems are needed for studies
Share Your Story
Help reduce stigma by talking about your experiences
Stay Informed
Follow the latest developments in AD/ADRD research
Support Your Local ADRC
Connect with researchers working to find better treatments. Learn more about the ADRC program and find a center near you.
Ready to Take Action?
Choose your path to making a difference:
Resources for Learning More
Want to explore a specific topic further? You can visit our Research Resources section for more detailed information about AD/ADRD research and findings, or visit our partners at the Alzheimer's Association and the National Institute on Again (NIA)